本篇内容主要讲解“MySQL单列索引和联合索引的用法”,感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷,实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“MySQL单列索引和联合索引的用法”吧!
 
       本文通过一个案例,介绍优化器对单列索引和联合索引的选择。
 
order表的ord_seq字段上有2个索引,单列索引(order_seq)和联合索引(order_seq,order_type)
 
MySQL > explain select * from `order` where order_seq = 1502131212577;
+----+-------------+-------+------------+------+-------------------------------+------------+---------+-------+------+----------+-------+
| id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys                 | key        | key_len | ref   | rows | filtered | Extra |
+----+-------------+-------+------------+------+-------------------------------+------------+---------+-------+------+----------+-------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | order | NULL       | ref  | idx_ordseq,idx_ordseq_ordtype | idx_ordseq | 8       | const |    1 |   100.00 | NULL  |
+----+-------------+-------+------------+------+-------------------------------+------------+---------+-------+------+----------+-------+
可以看到优化器选择了单列索引idx_ordseq(order_seq),而不是联合索引。因为该索引的叶子节点包含单个键值,所以理论上一个页可以存放更多的记录。
 
如果换种场景:
 
MySQL > explain select * from `order` where order_seq = 1502131212577 order by order_type desc;
+----+-------------+-------+------------+------+-------------------------------+--------------------+---------+-------+------+----------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys                 | key                | key_len | ref   | rows | filtered | Extra       |
+----+-------------+-------+------------+------+-------------------------------+--------------------+---------+-------+------+----------+-------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | order | NULL       | ref  | idx_ordseq,idx_ordseq_ordtype | idx_ordseq_ordtype | 8       | const |    1 |   100.00 | Using where |
+----+-------------+-------+------------+------+-------------------------------+--------------------+---------+-------+------+----------+-------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
where条件字段和排序字段添加联合索引,解决了filesort的问题。
 
到此,相信大家对“MySQL单列索引和联合索引的用法”有了更深的了解,不妨来实际操作一番吧!

dawei

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